Felix Mendelssohn (1809-1847)
German, Romantic period

Felix Mendelssohn is better known for his works outside the piano repertoire, with one key exception: the Songs Without Words. These 48 pieces were published in eight sets of six each, and emphasize lyrical, expressive melodies supported by vibrant textures. Each often appears with a descriptive title, but only a few of these were applied by Mendelssohn himself.

All are worth listening to, but here are some personal favorites:
0:00 Op. 19 No.1 Andante con moto in E major, "Sweet Rememberance"
5:48 Op. 19 No.3 Molto allegro e vivace in A major, "Hunting Song"
12:45 Op. 19 No.6 Andante sostenuto in G minor, "Venetian Boat Song"
21:49 Op. 30 No.3 Adagio non troppo in E major, "Consolation"
1:05:13 Op. 62 No.2 Allegro con fuoco in B♭ major
1:15:00 Op. 62 No.6 Allegretto grazioso in A major, "Spring Song"

Further reading on Songs Without Words, including some quotes on the nature of music vs. speech

Violin Concerto in E minor

Further reading on Mendelssohn (If you've ever seen his last name as Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, this explains why.)